List of Pear Appendix Tables

Table P1 Summary of responses by region indicating an information source was "very important".

Table P2 Summary of target pests by region.

Table P3 Regional differences for chemical usage in pear reporting blocks.

Table P4   NASS Comparisons 1990 - 2000 (opens to a new page)

Table P5   Breakdown of chemical usage over the course of the season in pear orchards.


 

Table P1. Percentage of survey respondents each survey year within a growing region who rated the value of information from a source as being 'very important' in helping them arrive at pest management decisions.

Growing Region1

Information source2

LYV

UYV

TRI

CB

WEN

CHE

OKA

STV

SW
Wa

CCo

ASO

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990

2000

1990

1990

2000

1990

Private consultant

42.9

55.2

49.2

48.6

33.3

50.0

28.6

30.4

37.5

30.0

57.1

23.7

47.1

100

25.0

100

0.0

Agricultural chemical fieldman

50.8

37.9

40.0

40.0

66.7

100

0.0

49.6

70.0

40.0

42.9

36.8

64.7

100

50.0

0.0

0.0

Packinghouse fieldman

19.1

6.9

12.3

8.6

0.0

50.0

14.3

NA

62.5

70.0

71.4

65.8

47.1

100

25.0

100

0.0

Cooperative Extension

20.6

17.2

10.8

20.0

0.0

0.0

14.3

29.6

37.5

40.0

57.1

34.2

47.1

100

12.5

100

33.3

Other growers

20.6

6.9

18.5

11.4

33.3

0.0

14.3

14.8

17.5

20.0

14.3

13.2

0.0

100

12.5

0.0

33.3

Crop Protection Guide

NA2

41.4

NA

40.0

NA

50.0

28.6

NA

40.0

NA

85.7

NA

70.6

NA

NA

100

NA

Orchard Pest Management

NA

10.3

NA

20.0

NA

0.0

14.3

NA

15.0

NA

57.1

NA

29.4

NA

NA

100

NA

Other (unspecified)

7.9

3.5

7.7

2.9

0.0

0.0

14.6

8.2

0.0

0.0

14.3

10.5

5.9

0.0

25.0

0.0

33.3

1  Growing Regions (# growers), 2000: LYV = Lower Yakima Valley (29); UYV = Upper Yakima Valley (35); TRI = Tri-cities (2); CB = Columbia Basin (7); WEN = Greater Wenatchee Area (41); CHE = Chelan/Mansen (7); OKA = Okanogan (18); CCO = Columbia County (1). 1990: LYV = Lower Yakima Valley (63); UYV = Upper Yakima Valley (62); TRI = Tri-cities (3); WEN = Greater Wenatchee Area (116); CHE = Chelan/Mansen (10); OKA = Okanogan (38); STV = Stevens Co. (1); SWWa = S.West Washington (4); ASO = Asotin Co. (3).

2  NA = Source not available in 1990.

 

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Table P2. Mean number of times a target pest required treatment and percentage of effected acreage for each region.

Growing Regions1

Target pest

OKA

CHE

WEN

CB

TRI

LYV

UYV

CCO

Insect/mite

Mn  #

% Ac

Mn  #

% Ac

Mn  #

% Ac

Mn  #

% Ac

Mn  #

% Ac

Mn  #

% Ac

Mn  #

% Ac

Mn  #

% Ac

Aphids

1.5

6.3

-

-

2.5

2.7

-

-

1.0

7.7

1.0

8.6

1.5

6.4

-

-

Blister mites

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.0

0.4

-

-

Codling moth

1.6

81.8

1.0

12.9

2.1

46.6

1.5

100

1.0

100

2.4

89.3

2.4

78.2

3.0

100

Cutworms

1.0

4.9

2.0

19.6

1.1

16.8

1.0

50.8

-

-

1.0

5.7

1.0

11.7

-

-

Lacanobia fruitworm

1.0

4.9

3.0

1.5

1.0

19.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Leafhopper

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.0

4.3

-

-

-

-

Leafroller

1.5

75.0

2.0

19.6

2.0

7.7

1.0

19.4

1.0

7.7

2.3

8.1

4.0

3.7

-

-

Lygus bug

1.8

14.1

-

-

1.4

10.3

1.0

50.7

-

-

1.0

14.3

1.0

0.4

-

-

Mealybugs

3.2

45.6

1.0

22.5

3.6

71.6

-

-

-

-

1.0

6.9

1.0

2.1

-

-

Pear psylla

5.4

100

4.8

100

5.8

100

5.3

100

2.5

100

4.0

100

3.9

74.4

3.0

100

Rust mites

1.8

36.4

3.3

45.3

2.3

58.6

2.5

80.5

1.0

92.3

1.8

36.3

1.4

35.5

20.0

100

San Jose scale

1.1

25.5

2.0

35.4

1.4

22.7

1.0

49.2

1.0

7.7

1.1

47.6

1.0

31.0

1.0

100

Spider mites

2.0

61.2

2.0

35.4

1.9

45.3

1.3

100

1.5

100

2.3

63.4

1.6

34.7

1.0

100

Stink bug

1.0

6.3

1.0

12.9

1.3

13.9

-

-

-

-

1.0

2.3

1.0

2.7

1.0

100

Unknown

1.0

3.9

-

-

1.0

13.3

-

-

-

-

1.5

7.1

-

-

-

-

Disease

               

Bull's eye rot

1.3

51.9

1.0

12.9

1.3

35.7

1.0

19.4

-

-

1.0

22.6

1.0

2.8

-

-

Fire blight

1.8

56.8

1.0

32.2

1.3

14.8

1.3

100

1.0

92.3

2.1

77.1

1.6

41.3

1.0

100

Pear scab

1.0

4.9

1.0

12.9

1.3

17.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Powdery mildew

1.2

17.2

1.7

45.3

1.4

53.0

1.0

49.2

1.0

92.3

1.8

54.7

1.6

27.8

-

-

Psuedomonas

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.0

8.6

-

-

-

-

Unknown

1.0

5.3

1.0

12.9

1.0

6.5

-

-

-

-

1.0

6.0

-

-

-

-

1  Growing regions (# growers): OKA = Okanogan (18); CHE = Chelan/Mansen (7); WEN = Greater Wenatchee Area (41); CB = Columbia Basin (7); TRI = Tri-cities (2); LYV = Lower Yakima Valley (29); UYV = Upper Yakima Valley (35); CCO = Columbia County (1).'>

 

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Table P3. Regional differences for chemical usage in pear reporting blocks.

Growing Regions1

Chemical

LYV

UYV

TRI

CB

WEN

CHE

OKA

CCo

Insecticide/Miticide

AC2

#ai3

AC

# ai

AC

# ai

AC

# ai

AC

# ai

AC

# ai

AC

# ai

AC

# ai

Abamectin

270

8.31

192

6.0

12

0.8

67

2.8

272

9.4

21

0.5

186

5.5

36

0.8

Amitrax

6

9.0

1

1.5

-

-

-

-

4

6.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

Azadirachtin'>

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

34

3.5

-

-

78

2.0

-

-

Azinphos-methyl

232

586

131

299

13

14

54

54.2

166

335

4

4.0

159

295

36

93.6

Bacillus thuringiensis

9

1.8

20

3.7

-

-

-

-

9

4.7

6

3.1

121

71.4

-

-

Calcium polysulfide

86

1,840

14

433

-

-

21

195

13

288

10

323

11

318

36

198

Chlorpyrifos

139

291

48

93.9

12

24.0

21

31.5

213

419

11

22

56

105

36

72.0

Chlorfentazine

8

2.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Diazinon

-

-

30

120

-

-

-

-

29

68.0

-

-

33

64.3

-

-

Dicofol

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

6.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

Endosulfan

186

309

67

139

1

2.3

46

104

252

516

11

22.1

39

90

-

-

Esfenvalerate

119

10.9

75

6.2

-

-

-

-

206

17.1

-

-

11

0.9

36

2.2

Fenbutatin-oxide

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

24

24.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

Fenvalerate

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

15

4.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

Formetanate HCl

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

67

26.2

10

4.6

-

-

-

-

Garlic

28

105

-

-

-

-

-

-

6

0.4

-

-

6

0.3

-

-

Hexythiazox

8

1.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

26

4.7

-

-

-

-

-

-

Imidacloprid

43

7.9

59

8.5

-

-

33

5.0

247

73.6

4

1.0

72

21.1

-

-

Kaolin

30

750

3

625

-

-

-

-

122

15,662

6

915

25

1,400

36

3,600

Oxythioquinox

-

-

-

-

-

-

46

49.3

8

9.4

-

-

10

3.4

-

-

Permethrin

-

-

5

1.9

-

-

-

-

-

-

7

2.1

-

-

-

-

Petroleum distillate

338

28,200

239

15,467

1

816

67

4,366

339

27,764

31

2,551

206

24,284

36

1,728

Piperonyl butoxide

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

125

136

3

2.8

-

-

Phosmet

105

581

63

420

-

-

-

-

123

594

17

59.5

-

-

Pyridaben

181

57.5

31

4.1

12

5.0

-

-

136

58.8

21

9.8

20

9.1

-

-

Pyriproxifen

104

11.2

45

4.9

-

-

21

2.3

22

4.3

36

7.8

Soap

27

470

11

67.3

-

-

-

-

23

23

4

20.0

71

1,403

-

-

Sulfur

144

1,989

67

624

1

12.0

21

252

197

2,087

17

176

188

3,648

-

-

Tebufenozide

-

-

12

3.5

-

-

13

2.0

-

-

-

-

5.5

0.04

-

-

Volck oil

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9

324

-

-

7

56.0

-

-

Fungicides

                               

A-506, P. fluorescens

6

1.9

-

-

-

-

21

1.3

22

33.4

-

-

-

-

-

-

Calcium polysulfide

111

2,450

-

-

-

-

-

-

32

620

-

-

6

246

36

585

Copper, basic

40

60.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

21

104

-

-

-

-

-

-

Copper hydroxide

170

338

101

201

1

9.8

54

59.2

110

254

-

-

101

304

36

162

Copper sulfate

40

40.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Fenarimol

-

-

6

11.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Kresoxim-methyl

16

2.0

20

2.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mancozeb

23

68.3

-

-

-

-

13

19.5

117

665

14

54.6

28

171

-

-

Myclobutanil

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

0.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

Oxytetracycline

146

38.3

89

20.5

12

4.1

34

8.0

44

15.7

-

-

158

41.7

-

-

Streptomycin

80

34.7

-

-

-

-

13

6.6

5

0.4

-

-

-

-

36

3.1

Sulfur

81

934

17

158

-

-

-

-

-

-

16

286

-

-

-

-

Triademefon

11

4.8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Trifloxystrobin

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

0.3

7

0.4

-

-

-

-

Triflumizole

136

43.4

48

23.6

12

3.8

-

-

246

98.3

24

11.3

16

6.1

-

-

Ziram

87

410

13

71.4

-

-

34

145

203

1,068

4

15.2

124

623

-

-

1  Growing Regions (# growers): LYV = Lower Yakima Valley (29); UYV = Upper Yakima Valley (35); TRI = Tri-cities (2); CB = Columbia Basin (7); WEN = Greater Wenatchee region (41); CHE = Chelan/Mansen (7); OKA = Okanogan (18); CCo = Columbia County (1).

2  AC = Total acres treated in each region.

3  # ai = Total pounds active ingredient in each region.

 

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Table P5. Breakdown of chemical usage over the course of the season in pear orchards (Percentage of applications per chemical).

Treatment Timing1

Chemical

Insecticide/miticide

Dormant

Delayed
Dormant 1

Pre-pink

Delayed
Dormant 2

Pink

Bloom

Petal fall

Thinning 1

Cover 1

Cover 2

Cover 3

Cover 4

Cover 5

Pre-harvest

Post-harvest

Abamectin

-

0.6

1.3

1.3

0.6

0.6

30.6

1.9

24.2

16.6

10.8

8.3

1.9

1.3

-

Amitraz

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

33.3

-

33.3

33.3

-

-

Azadiractin

-

3.4

3.4

10.3

6.9

-

10.3

-

17.2

13.8

10.3

10.3

6.9

-

-

Azinphos-methyl

-

-

-

-

1.2

-

3.0

-

28.4

28.4

17.8

11.2

5.9

4.1

-

Bacillus thuringiensis

-

-

4.2

4.2

4.2

-

12.5

-

20.8

25.0

25.0

4.2

-

-

-

Calcium polysulfide

33.3

23.8

4.8

4.8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

33.3

Chlorpyrifos

17.5

69.8

1.6

6.3

-

-

1.6

-

-

1.6

1.6

-

-

-

Clofentazine

-

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Diatomaceous earth

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

40.0

20.0

-

20.0

20.0

Diazinon

-

-

36.4

-

36.4

-

9.1

-

9.1

-

9.1

-

-

-

-

Dicofol

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

Endosulfan

22.4

61.2

6.0

4.5

3.0

-

-

-

1.5

1.5

-

-

-

-

Esfenvalerate

30.8

61.5

1.9

5.8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Fenbutatin-oxide

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

66.7

33.3

-

-

Fenvalerate

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Formetanate HCl

-

-

50.0

12.5

37.5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Garlic

12.5

-

-

12.5

-

-

-

75.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hexythiazox

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

40.0

40.0

20.0

-

-

-

Imidacloprid

-

-

-

-

-

-

17.1

-

21.1

26.3

19.7

7.9

5.3

2.6

-

Kaolin

19.6

7.8

9.8

17.6

7.8

2.0

2.0

-

7.8

3.9

7.8

5.9

3.9

-

-

Oxythioquinox

-

-

25.0

-

75.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Permethrin

50.0

-

50.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Petroleum distillate

16.5

19.1

5.3

3.5

4.5

0.4

10.2

0.6

12.4

11.0

7.7

5.5

2.0

0.6

0.2

Phosmet

-

-

18.6

11.6

-

7.0

-

14.0

16.3

16.3

7.0

7.0

2.3

-

Piperonyl butoxide

25.0

75.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pyridaben

2.2

6.7

31.1

2.2

22.2

-

-

-

2.2

8.9

8.9

6.7

8.9

-

-

Pyriproxifen

-

17.4

21.7

17.4

34.8

-

-

-

4.3

4.3

-

-

-

-

-

Soap

-

-

-

-

-

-

6.3

-

-

12.5

18.8

25.0

18.8

18.8

-

Sulfur

43.5

47.1

-

8.2

-

-

-

-

1.2

-

-

-

-

-

-

Tebufenozide

-

-

-

-

25.0

-

50.0

-

25.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

Volck oil

-

66.7

-

-

-

-

33.3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Fungicides

Dormant

Delayed
Dormant 1

Pre-pink

Delayed
Dormant 2

Pink

Bloom

Petal fall

Thinning 1

Cover 1

Cover 2

Cover 3

Cover 4

Cover 5

Pre-harvest

Post-harvest

A-506, P. fluorescens

-

33.3

-

66.7

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Calcium polysulfide

57.1

42.9

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Copper, basic

50.0

50.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Copper hydroxide

41.3

30.7

1.3

1.3

1.3

2.7

4.0

-

6.7

5.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

Copper sulfate

-

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Fenarimol

-

-

-

-

50.0

50.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Kresoxim-methyl

-

-

-

-

-

-

50.0

-

-

50.0

-

-

-

-

-

Mancozeb

-

4.5

18.2

-

13.6

4.5

50.0

-

9.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

Myclobutanol

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

Oxytetracyclin

-

2.0

2.0

6.0

4.0

60.0

14.0

4.0

2.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

Streptomycin

-

-

-

-

-

54.5

18.2

-

9.1

18.2

-

-

-

-

-

Sulfur

28.6

35.7

7.1

7.1

-

7.1

-

7.1

-

-

-

-

-

7.1

Triademefon

-

-

-

-

-

-

66.7

-

-

-

33.3

-

-

-

-

Trifloxystrobin

-

50.0

-

-

50.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Triflumizole

-

6.1

28.8

4.5

30.3

1.5

19.7

1.5

7.6

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ziram

-

-

-

-

2.1

-

2.1

-

4.2

6.3

6.3

2.1

6.3

70.8

-

PGRs

Dormant

Delayed
Dormant 1

Pre-pink

Delayed
Dormant 2

Pink

Bloom

Petal fall

Thinning 1

Cover 1

Cover 2

Cover 3

Cover 4

Cover 5

Pre-harvest

Post-harvest

Carbaryl

-

-

20.0

-

-

-

-

40.0

-

-

-

-

-

20.0

20.0

Ethephon

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

GA14

-

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

NAA

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.6

-

1.6

-

-

1.6

95.1

-

NAD

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

100

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Herbicides

   

Pre-Bloom

     

Summer 1

 

Summer 2

         

Post-Harvest

2,4D

   

20.0

     

48.6

 

20.0

         

11.4

Dichlorobenil

   

100

     

-

 

-

         

-

Diuron

   

30.8

     

23.1

 

23.1

         

23.1

Fulvic acid

   

-

     

-

 

50.0

         

50.0

Glyphosate

   

19.2

     

36.5

 

23.1

         

21.1

Norfurazon

   

35.3

     

17.6

 

11.8

       

35.3

Oryzalin

   

50.0

     

-

 

-

         

50.0

Oxyfluorfen

   

28.6

     

-

 

-

         

71.4

Paraquat

   

15.0

     

40.0

 

40.0

         

5.0

Pendimethalin

   

-

     

100

 

-

         

-

Petroleum distillate

   

-

     

100

 

-

         

-

Simazine

   

35.0

     

20.0

 

5.0

         

40.0

Sulfasate

   

-

     

60.0

 

20.0

         

20.0

1 Treatment Timing =  Some overlap occurs for the date ranges for each treatment time category.

 

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